old recipes

PASTRY. CHYMISTRY

THE QUEEN'S Royal COOKERY:

OR, Expert and ready Way for the Dressing of all Sorts of Flesh, Fowl, Fish: Either Baked, Boiled, Roasted, Stewed, Fryed, Boiled, Hashed, Fricasied, Carbonaded, Forced, Collared, Soused, Dried, &c.

After the Best and Newest Way. With their several Sauces and Sallads.

And making all Sorts of PICKLES

ALSO

Making Variety of Pies,Ppasties,Ttarts,Cheesecakes, Custards, Creams, &c.

WITH

The ART of Preserving and Candying of Fruits and Flowers; and the making of Conserves, Syrups, Jellies, and Cordial Waters, Also making Several Sorts of English Wines, Ciders, Mead, Metheglin.

TOGETHER with several Cosmetic of Beautifying Waters And also several Sorts of Essences and Sweet Waters: By Persons of the Highest Quality.

One aspect of this text which is obviously non-standard is the capitalisation of certain words, for instance ‘OR’ at the beginning and ‘PICKLES’ midway through. This is prevalent because its prior to standardisation of the English language in the mid 1700’s. This is also shown in the beginning of certain words such as all the words used to describe the way food is cooked. One other grammatical feature is their use of the suffix ‘est’ specifically on the end of ‘new’ which now an archaic term and sounds old fashioned since its’ no longer used.   Use of the words such as ‘Mead’ and ‘Soused’ have experienced the phenomina of becoming dated and non-existent in todays langugae

Programme write up homework

The first part of the programme supports David crystals stage theory in which children learn through stages from babbling to the one word stage then the two word stage then on to the telegraphic stage through to the multi-word stage. This is shown through the 24/7 observation of the young child passing though all these stages before they can make long coherent sentences, however due to it only being one case it might not be applicable to the entire population. The data collected from this investigation is extensive and spans many years and once it has all been analysed it will be able to be used as a significant piece of evidence to either prove or disprove certain language acquisition theories. One discovery that came from this investigation in the early stages of its analysing was how the parents subconsciously change the way they talk and slowly increase complexity as the child’s competence and understanding of language increases.  This supports Piaget's theory since he believed children learnt language when they were cognitively developed enough, this would explain the parents’ behaviour since as the child develops more the parents push the child with more complex sentences and words.

 

Another part of the programme focused on whether language was unique to humans due to anatomical structuring or cognitive processes. It was discovered that dogs and birds among others could change their anatomy when they vocalise leaving it down to the difference in cognitive ability as the main cause for human communication. This revelation helped explain why children were able to pick up language much faster than adults, this is because there is a critical period to learn language due to the speed at which connections and synapses are created in a particular part of your mind when you are younger. This is supported in the programme by a case study of a man that suffers from autism which affects his social skills among other characteristics but the biological difference in a particular region of his mind which is connected to language acquisition also gives him the capability to learn languages much faster than an average human.

History of Harlot

Harlot

The first recorded use of the word ‘harlot’ was in c1225 it’s from the Ancrene Wisse (also known as the Ancrene Riwle or Guide for Anchoresses) is an anonymous monastic rule (or manual) for anchoressess, written in the early 13th century

It originally meant someone who lived in isolation like a nomad but did not change location. It was a particularly popular lifestyle choice in 13^th century England.

However afterward, around the 13-1400’s it meant an itinerant jester, buffoon, or juggler; one whom tells or does something to raise a laugh.

 The word then evolved again in the 1600’s to mean something like a vagabond, beggar, rogue, rascal, villain, low fellow, knave or generally a person who didn’t fit society’s views of right and proper. In later use sometimes a man of loose life, a fornicator; also, often, a mere term of opprobrium or insult.

 a1653  Z. Boyd Zion's Flowers 103   A man a harlot, and a wife a whoore.

1659 D. Pell Πελαγος 37 What should you do with such Harlots in your Service? Which calls for holiness, and better principled men.

Throughout its history however beginning in the 1400’s and continuing to this day a Harlot has referred always to woman that are prostitutes but earlier in its history it also referred to men alongside women. Now  it has undergone substantial broadening and means someone who jests and jokes as well as being sexually promiscuous.